1695 Gunpowder was also stored at Upnor Castle (later the Upnor Armaments Supply Depot) from at least as early as 1695. Known to have produced Ilmavoimat Konekivaarin Patruuna Kal 7.70 machine gun cartridges, which are interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: W or WRA Winchester Repeating Arms Co., New Haven, Conn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Powder was stored at Greenwich from an early date. After the war in 1918 Kynoch Ltd, in common with most other British small arms ammunition manufacturers, was merged into Explosives Trades Ltd, later to become Nobel Industries. There is, however, space for expansion and land is available on the Green Lane Industrial Estate. Penny Rate Product 23,000. Royal Arsenal Factory No 1. CAC Colonial Ammunition Co., Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. In 1887, when they were renamed the Royal Ordnance Factories, control passed to the financial secretary's Civil Department, from which in 1899 they returned to the . Byers Green and Kirk Merrington redeveloped. The town was founded over 160 years ago. Initial Radway Green production used a single arrow as the headstamp code and this was replaced in 1942 by the RG code. We sometimes danced and had concerts given by our work mates. After May 1918 the CAC monogram was used with two arrows . Nothing could well exceed the nuisance attendant on the disposal of excrement and refuse in Spennymoor. Known to have produced .303 ball cartridges c 1934. 1890 Tudhoe Iron Works produced 50,000 tons of steel. ETHIOPA is known to have produced .303 ball cartridges c 1959, FINLAND is known to have produced .303 inch cartridges in various loadings including Armour Piercing, Ball, Incendiary, Tracer and Drill rounds, FRANCE manufactured several variants of the .303 cartridge, including: Ball, Tracer, Armour piercing, Armour piercing / Tracer and Incendiary rounds, IRAQ is known to have produced .303 Ball cartridges, ISRAEL is known to have manufactured .303 ball cartridges at the Government Arsenal, Tel Aviv, Israel. Royal Arsenal Factory No 1. Population 16,369. referenced. Nitro-cellulose filled .303 American WW1 Contract Pattern cartridges were produced during the period 1914 1917 as. M Nobel Explosives Ltd., Manchester, UNITED KINGDOM. There were, of course, early problems, but the new industries became established and, in most cases, began to expand. Known to have produced .303 cartridges with this headstamp April 1921 to December 1923, although some also produced in March 1924. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: DC Defence Industries, Brownsburgh, Quebec, CANADA. 3. Mon - Thurs 8:45 - 17:00, Fri 8:45 - 16:30 1787 Purchase of the powdermill at Waltham Abbey which was named the Royal Gunpowder Factory. 22. The Spennymoor ammunition was filled at the Royal Ordnance Factory, Aycliffe, Durham. The Gordon Street Factory used the monogram MF2 for a short time during 1940. 1858 Page Bank Colliery disaster 10 miners killed. SMI Societa Metallurgica Italiana, Campo Tizzoro, ITALY. Beretta Group owns now the Tikka arms brand. The Mark VI round was introduced in 1904 with a 215 grain jacketed round nosed bullet similar to the Mark II bullet but with a thinner jacket. Aycliffe filled the cases which we produced and this was very dangerous work. The town of Spennymoor, and the villages of Byers Green, Kirk Merrington and Tudhoe, are in the North East of England, situated on high land above the south side of the Wear Valley between the City of Durham and Bishop Auckland. . 13 Oct 2022 - Notice to Royal Ordnance Pension Scheme ("The Scheme") Members. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: W-W Winchester Western Division of Olin Industries, New Haven, Conn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 1968 Bessemer Park Housing commenced (1,009 houses). US Lend Lease production for the UK was 1,196,706 No 4 rifles whereas the total British wartime production of this rifle was 2,021,913. Known to have produced 7.7 x 56R ball cartridges, which are interchangeable with the .303 cartridge. Spennymoor Town Council, people who designed and built them. International Bowls Championships held in Town. Copyright of content contributed to this Archive rests with the author. P or PC Peters Cartridge Co., Kings Mills, Ohio, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. The only portion of the common that was left was a small plot reserved for the use of a spring of water. ROF Brackla; ROF 41 at Brackla and ROF 53 at Waterton, ROF Dunham on the Hill; Explosives storage depot. Some military training seems to have been given, doubtless with a view to the then unsettled state of the country due to the growing tension between Parliament and the King. The small number of factories involved in nuclear weapons production, ROF Burghfield and ROF Cardiff, did not pass over to Royal Ordnance upon privatisation but were transferred to the control of AWRE. 10. It was selected to produce small arms ammunition as part of the 1939-1945 war emergency expansion plans. Policy. 1951 Population 19,740. this was examining and weighing capsules to be used in Burma for killing mosquitoes and fleas. Production of ammunition ceased in 1944. As is to be expected, the moor itself offers little of historical interest but it is linked with the records of Kirk Merrington, Whitworth Old Park, Binchester, Byers Green and Tudhoe, all of which form a part of the early days of Spennymoor. 20. BPD Bombrini, Parodi et Delfino, Rome ITALY. It became G. Kynoch & Co Ltd in 1884 and by then was manufacturing metallic ammunition. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: 130gr, 150gr, 180gr and 215 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, OFN Government Ordinance Factory, Lagos, NIGERIA. This is a list of Royal Ordnance Factories . Former Essoldo/Tivoli cinema building destroyed by fire. All these villages had common rights on the moor but, as it became denuded by increasing flocks, some of the local people were induced to relinquish their rights and so, gradually, the common became the property of just one owner Merrington Priory. Known to have produced .303 cartridges 1914 1918 in: MAXIM Maxim Arms Co.,London, UNITED KINGDOM. The BBC is not responsible for the content of any external sites Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 7Z ( Late Pattern ), Blank, Nitro-cellulose L Mk 5Z ( Canadian Pattern ). 17. 8; . In 1963 too there came the first private building developments to take place since back in the days of the 19th century colliery owners. MEXICO Fabrica National de Munitions, Mexico City, MEXICO. Download. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: MJB Incendiary Annexe to MJ Hendon, AUSTRALIA. Ammunition was made at Woolwich long before the adoption of the .303 cartridge in 1889. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in 1942 only. As he was being transferred from Italy to Germany he escaped by jumping from the train and for this among many other things he received the Military Medal. In 1918 this factory was capable of producing at the rate of about 10 million rounds per month. The moor itself comes into the record in 1615 as the result of a general muster on the moor of all men able to bear arms within the bishopric, between the ages of 15 and 60; the gathering amounted to 8,320 (Fordyce). In WWII Explosives factories were established at[9]: WWII: 20 Filling factories were planned but only 16 were built including[11] [12]: WWII: Other Filling factories were devoted to Small Arms Ammunition: Grace's Guide web site design is Copyright 2021 by Grace's Guide Ltd. Royal Navy Destroyer H.M.S. Whitworth Park Golf Club (9 holes) opens. These appalling conditions continued into the 20th century and even by 1920 less than 10% of the town houses had water closets. Neither Britons nor Romans cultivated the moor, but on the site of Binchester, a village five miles to the south-west, the Romans built a camp around which grew up the settlement of Vinovium. By the end of 1963 over 1,120 sub-standard houses had been cleared and as many new Council houses built for letting whilst over 400 houses had been improved by grant aid. Nevertheless, the whole of this countryside was made desolate by Williams soldiers, and for many years it was the haunt of outlaws and wild animals. When operational, the Bishopton site was the Royal Ordnance's primary manufacturer of propellants for gun and rocket systems and around 75% of the . Penny Rate Product 239. This is a list of Royal Ordnance Factories. Set up as part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plans. Since the introduction of the .303 cartridge in 1889 it has been manufactured in at least 20 countries and in nearly 200 military variants as well as in numerous experimental and sporting cartridge configurations. RH Raleigh Cycle Co, Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM. Post-War: many of the factories were closed, although some were reopened for the Korean war. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: NORMA or norma Norma Projectilfabrik, Amotfors, SWEDEN. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded 7.7 x 56R ball ammunition which is interchangeable with the .303 cartridges. 1984 Royal Ordnance had 19 factories and 19000 employees when vested for privatization. 1966 Bus Station and Parkwood Precinct opened. Custom was when the boys used these parachutes successfully it was usual for them to send a letter of thanks and a present to whoever had packed the parachute as the girls would have their name and address inside the package. Monogram in use 1941 1945. RA Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker, Raufoss, NORWAY. By 1860, the factory was producing more than 90,000 rifles, or 1,744 a week. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Blank, Nitro-cellulose L Canadian Mk 1 (1955 & 1956). By this time we were given mugs of tea and corned beef sarnies. The origin of the name remains somewhat uncertain some believe it to be derived from the Latin Spina which means a thorn (possibly from the Roman influence at Binchester) and Mor which was the Anglo-Saxon word for a moor. These squalid conditions were paralleled by the ever-uncertain economic conditions in industry. IS - Royal Ordnance Pension Scheme - 2022. 1944 Christmas Eve a stray German VI Flying Bomb exploded in Tudhoe Cricket Club field at 6 am D-Day, 6th June. Electric lighting for Spennymoor. The Badcock Armoury closed. The headstamp code G, denoting manufacturer, should not be confused with G as in GIV indicating a tracer cartridge. KN Kings Norton Metal Co., Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. 1940 1949. In WWI the Ministry of Munitions took over responsibility for manufacture of explosives (see H. M. Explosive Factories) and for filling of munitions (see National Filling Factories and National Projectile Factories, etc). Similar jacketed hollow point bullets were used in the Mark IV and V rounds. King Street Council School built. information and 237,145 images on early companies, their products and the World War II had diverse effects upon the town. 1853 Tudhoe Ironworks established. Housing, too, has made great strides since the end of the War. ROF Swynnerton; Filling Factory No. On top of these economic misfortunes came the terrible explosion at Tudhoe Colliery in 1882 when 37 lives were lost. Although the United States of America did not officially adopt a .303 rifle, it did produce, under the Lend Lease scheme of World War 2, nearly a third of the wartime production of No 4 rifles used by British troops. Its largest division was ammunition followed by tanks and fighting vehicles, which had factories at Leeds and Nottingham[8]. The arms factory was closed in 1987. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: y Toyokawa Naval Arsenal, JAPAN. ROF Aycliffe; Filling Factory No. Martha Liddle, J.P., was the first person from Spennymoor to be awarded the M.B.E. 1942 There were 42 Royal Ordnance factories at this time, of which 24 were engineering, 8 made explosives, and 10 were engaged in filling ordnance (these numbers seem to have been confused by the MP reporting these statistics). FN Fabrique National dArmes de Guerre, Herstal, BELGIUM. Used code U from 1939 1961 and SAM thereafter. This factory was set up as part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plan. Beretta Group owns now the Tikka arms brand. From 1918 to 1950 it had its own parliamentary constituency, from 1950 to 1974 it was in the Durham constituency and from 1974 to 1983 in the North West Durham constituency. During WW1 Eley produced in excess of 209 Million .303 Mk 7 cartridges. I was an Air Raid Warden which meant seeing my workmates into the air raid shelter safely and staying with them until the air raid was over after the all clear siren. Used the monogram 1942 to 1945. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Armour Piercing W Mk 1 and W Mk 1 Special. V.E.Day. 1989 Byers Green Village Hall extended and refurbished. It stands above the Wear Valley approximately seven miles south of Durham. 299.06 KB. By 1935 the first 66 Council houses had been built, and a year later the first 106 North Eastern Housing Association houses were erected on the Racecourse Estate site. The assets of the company were taken over in 1918 by Explosives Trades Ltd which soon after was renamed Nobel Industries, this new organisation having been founded to amalgamate most of the explosives and ammunition interests of the many separate companies operating in Britain at that time. Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. ROF Bishopton; Explosive ROF (3 factories). We had stirrup pumps to put out fires from Incendiary Bombs. WCC Western Cartridge Co., East Alton, Ill., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Servicesheld in Town Hall. This factory was part of the 1939 1945 war emergency expansion plan and was situated at Blackpole on the site of the earlier Government Cartridge Factory No 3 of 1916. Colour coding appears in several forms on small arms ammunition. Today, Merrington church is one of the most prominent local landmarks. 1880 Tudhoe Iron Works produced 17,000 tons of iron and 2,000 tons of steel. Known to have produced .303 ball cartridges c 1937, SFM Societe Francaise des Munitions, Issy les Moulineaux, FRANCE. Manufactured .303 cartridges with this headstamp January 1924 to February 1925. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Armour Piercing W Mk 1, W Mk 1 Special and W Mk 1Z, Cartridge Rifle Grenade, Cordite H Mk 2, H Mk 4 and H Mk 4Z, Incendiary B Mk 6, B Mk 6Z, B Mk 7 and B Mk 7Z. At the factory we made .303 and .5 cases and caps, as well as bullets. I worked at the Royal Ordnance factory at Spennymoor. RG Royal Ordnance Factory, Radway Green, Cheshire, UNITED KINGDOM. 1929 Prince of Wales visits Spennymoor. Three closed in 1924 and the strike saw another two fail. Although coal-mining continued and the ironworks and engineering businesses were also providing employment, the start of the 20th century saw the start, too, of a long period of depression. I was given a badge for helping to raise money for the war effort. In 1938 the .303 Mark VIIIZ round was approved to obtain greater effective range from the Vickers Medium Machine Gun. DAL or LAC Dominion Arsenal, Lindsay, Ontario, CANADA. Spennymoor Circus and Novely Hippodrome opened. EGYPT is known to have produced .303 ball ammunition at the Government Arsenal Shoubra, United Arab Republic and Factory No 10 at Alexandria, Egypt. Jackson, in his Place Names of Durham, 1916, suggests a Scandinavian Spaan meaning shingle-hut and Anglo-Saxon combination involving mar Spennymoor being the moor called after the shingle-hut erected thereon. Rough houses were built for the pit workers houses with two rooms and a loft, more like piggeries than human habitation according to Dodd. Royal Ordnance Factory. Later, Binchester became one of the vills of the Earl of Northumberland who held it until 1420 when it passed to the Nevilles who finally forfeited it with other lands in 1569. In 1926 when Nobel Industries became part of the new Imperial Chemical Industries, the old Kynoch factory at Witton was retained as the ammunition centre as part of the Metal Group within ICI. During the battle, the prior from Durham and his monks knelt on a little hillock in the Shaw Wood and prayed for an English victory while holding aloft, impaled on a spear, the Holy Corporax Cloth from the Cathedral. You appear to have JavaScript disabled in your browser settings. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: US United States Cartridge Co, Lowell, Mass., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Whitworth Hall severely damaged by fire. BE or BE Royal Ordnance Factory, Blackpole, Worcester, UNITED KINGDOM. T = Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland. Mr Hosie who was chauffeur for ROF at the time was our driver. 1934 to 1939 Many new Royal Ordnance Factories were built to enhance the capacity of the Royal Arsenal, Royal Gunpowder Factory and the Royal Small Arms Factory which, being close to London, were susceptible to being bombed[6]. K2 Imperial Chemical Industries Kynoch factory at Standish, near Wigan, Lancs, UNITED KINGDOM. I remember Tudhoe Colliery being bombed. The greatest project came with the development of the Tudhoe ironworks site 70 acres that was turned into the Bessemer Park Housing Estate. On 16 October 1346 David of Scotland was encamped with a great army on the hills near Durham, and raiding bands under a Douglas had been terrorising the neighbourhood. The round nose bullet form of the Black Powder Mark 1 and 2 and of the Cordite Mark 1 and 2 were felt by many servicemen to have less man stopping effect than the old lead .45 inch Martini bullet, the predecessor in service of the .303 cartridge. The Rise of Industry We were then introduced to a number of Canadian boys. MF or AF Small Arms Ammunition Factory No 1, Footscray, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. The USA had also produced the .303 Pattern 1914, also known as the Rifle No 3 Mk 1 or 1*, for the British Government during the First World War. This distinction was abandoned in May 1920 and thereafter all ball rounds had the purple annulus. Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield Factory No 2. 11. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Gallery Practice Mk 1 ( Black powder Canada ), Gallery Practice Mk 1 ( Smokeless Canada ). This factory was set up as part of the 1939-45 war emergency plans and produced its first complete .303 rounds in October 1940. Spennymoor is known to have produced .303 cartridges such as Ball Mk 7 and 8Z, Blank L Mk 5, Incendiary B Mk 6, B Mk 6Z, B . My sister lived in Billingham which was badly bombed, the sky was full of barrage balloons to protect the ICI factory. This of course was not the total number of .303 rifles produced in the UK during WW2, as the SMLE Rifle No 1 was still being manufactured, BSA alone producing nearly a quarter of a million No 1 Mk III and III* rifles. 1984 Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment's Waltham Abbey south site became part of Royal Ordnance. 1990 Town Council wins Waterlow Trophy for fourth year. Known to have produced .303 ball cartridges . This factory made and marked cases but filling was carried out at the Royal Ordnance Factory Swynnerton, Staffs. Known to have produced .303 cartridges during the period 1940 1944 in: C-P Crompton Parkinson Ltd, Doncaster, Yorkshire, UNITED KINGDOM. They are known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: GA Grenfell and Accles Ltd, Perry Barr, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. In 1930 the coke ovens which remained on the ironworks site were only working intermittently. My husband worked in the mines with Bevin Boys. The views expressed are theirs and unless specifically stated are not 1942 1942 1943 1944 Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland Tikkakoski was the first private arms manufacturer in Finland. Her advance guards clashed with some of Douglas men near Ferryhill and chased them back to the bridge at Croxdale (Sunderland Bridge). RTS Richard Threlfall and Sons, UNITED KINGDOM. This change was agreed in August 1915 and thus these sites became nominally part of the National Factory programme. BLANCH J Blanch & Sons of Fenchurch St, London, UNITED KINGDOM. This factory was built in 1916 and was administered on behalf of the Government by the Birmingham Metal and Munitions Co. .303 cartridge production started in early 1918 and continued until late 1918 when the factory ceased production altogether. MJ Small Arms Ammunition Factory No 4, Hendon, AUSTRALIA. Kenmirs Furniture Factory and the old Arcadia Cinema were both destroyed by fire. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Ball Mk 7 cartridges during the period 1914 1918. Demolition of High Street Railway Bridge. Chamber pressure however was higher at 20 21 tons per square inch compared to the 19.5 tons per square inch of the Mark VII round. In 1874 the then Local Government Board had reported: POF Pakistan Ordnance Factory, Rawalpindi, PAKISTAN. This factory was also set up as part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plans. The land on which Spennymoor now stands was once a vast expanse of moorland covered with thorn and whin bushes (Spenny Moor). Known to have produced 7.7 x 56R ball cartridges, which are interchangeable with the .303 cartridge post 1961. On nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Mk 7z Ball cartridges made by FNM of Moscavide, PORTUGAL. The Spennymoor Ammunition was filled at the Royal Ordnance Factory, Aycliffe, Durham. Post-WWI Returned to lower production levels. I was chosen along with 2 other girls to visit Goosepool Aerodrome (now Durham/Tees Valley International Airport), where the Canadian airmen were stationed. I listened to Vera Lynne and Tommy Handley who's catchphrase was 'Ta Ta for now (TTFN)'. Up to 1800 the moor remained largely barren and the few roads across it were dangerous. Mr. Leslie. Spennymoor, United Kingdom (1913-1945). Despite the high levels of unemployment, the housing situation at last took an upturn in the 1930s when the Urban District Council began to use its wider powers to take action on unfit houses. Known to have manufactured nitro-cellulose loaded .303 ball cartridges for export pre 1939. The one good road was maintained by tolls collected at turnpike gates. They had a goat mascot named Monty who ate the vegetables which the lads were growing, "Dig For Victory". Cordite consisted of 58% Nitro-glycerine, 37% Nitro-cellulose and 5% Mineral Jelly and was normally pressed into cord form but tubular, tape, flaked and sliced cordite were also used. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: K4 Imperial Chemical Industries Kynoch factory at Yeading, Hayes, Middlesex, UNITED KINGDOM. 1913 Queen Mary visits the town. Page Bank colliery opened. Should the reader be aware of any omissions in this manufacturers listing then the author would be very pleased to hear from them. 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