The film tells the story of Oleg Penkovsky, one of the most famous Cold War traitors, and his contact, Greville Wynne (played by the British actor). What can be in no doubt is that Wynne, an engineer and wealthy businessman, worked for British intelligence, although when he started and how much he did for them is still hotly debated. In the Lubyanka, Wynne said he was subjected to severe beatings and relentless psychological pressure during endless interrogations. Wynne and Penkovskys espionage activities were eventually discovered by the KGB. Ask them questions to journalists is not allowed. But had he told anybody else, he might have started the most enormous panic.. On November 2, 1962, two such calls came. I wasnt a hundred percent certain that it was the signal, she says now, having retired from MI6 some years ago. the Fate of close relatives of traitors (most of the traitors after the exposure was executed in the Soviet Union) were different. What is Moscow really thinking and doing about Syria or Iran, for instance? The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. This meant the Soviets had missiles on Cuba that could strike the United States anywhere between Dallas and Washington. Penkovsky was run jointly by a team of CIA and MI6 officers with the initial meetings taking place at a London hotel, but contacting him in Moscow and passing information proved hard, dangerous work. And someone committed suicide. This was one of several letters drafted by the GRU colonel in the summer of 1960 for the eyes of the CIA and MI6, along with Soviet military secrets. The Courier will be in cinemas from August 13. One of the lessons of the Penkovsky case was that running agents in Moscow was extremely hard for Western intelligence services. Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky, (born April 23, 1919, Vladikavkaz, Russiadied May 1963?, U.S.S.R.), senior Soviet military intelligence officer who was convicted of spying for the United Kingdom and the United States. Oleg Penkovsky and Greville Wynne clandestinely smuggled 5000 top-secret . The espionage continues, although Moscow has taken most of its anti-American efforts online. Together they stopped the Cuban Missle Crisis and prevented a nuclear catastrophe. Operational matters in the Penkovsky case were supervised personally by the head of the KGB, Vladimir Semichastny. The Cold War goes on, as do its spies. Thus, Gordievsky was born, as it were, "into the KGB," in 1938 in Moscow. Elizabeth Bentley, Soviet spy. But spying is not. But before the two years were up, a KGB agent caught him passing secrets. The Wynne-Penkovsky case came at the height of the Cold War when relations between the superpowers were particularly strained. He was recruited to MI5 just before World War II. Worse, after the crash, the Agencys hubris led the U.S. government to flatly deny there had been a spy plane. Walls in apartments, offices, and public locations contained microphones, and entire floors of buildings were given over to command posts listening in to and recording conversations. His father, an avowed communist, served in the NKVD, Joseph Stalin's secret police, a forerunner of the KGB. Will you still be able to buy Godiva chocolate? According to the memoirs of his son, Gennady, the body of mom found in the wardrobe he himself, after several days of absenteeism Longini Shevchenko on the connection. Referring to the atomic disaster that Wynne and Penkovsky contributed to averting, the actor added: I think we forget how close we came to not existing any more.. It seems likely that Penkovsky told his captors of this signal, but didnt reveal its true nature. Much like this latest incident, British diplomats were named by the Russians and exposed on TV. A meeting in the Oval Office between Oleg Gordievsky and President Ronald Reagan on July 21, 1987. Leila with children 6 years later came to Gordievsky in London, but living with him did not, soon filed for divorce and returned home. She turned over the details of a wide-ranging Russian conspiracy. Documents released by National Archives show British officials saw efforts to free Oleg Gordievskys family as a lost cause, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Oleg Gordievsky in London in 1991. They showed that the Soviet Union was not ready for war in the region, making it clear to the West that President Khrushchev was bluffing and trying to provoke America into a pre-emptive nuclear strike. Penkovsky continued to feed MI6 and the CIA intelligence, and it was so valuable that he has been called the spy who saved the world. After a poisoning attempt 12 years ago, his security has been increased. Sir Gerry Warner, a former deputy chief of MI6, recalled the incident in a 2012 interview with the BBC: He did nothingwhich was exactly the right thing to do. JB: Where Penkovsky was extremely valuable was his assessment, based on information that he'd gotten from the political and military leaders of the Soviet Union, that Khrushchev was indeed a very dangerous opponent and it was based on his information that made the United States rise on top. A December 1962 article in the Soviet newspaper Izvestia unwittingly pointed to what probably happened. In 1961, Moscow was perhaps the most dangerous city for espionage in the world. According to Wynne, he was first recruited by MI5 in 1938 when he discovered a German spy was using an illegal wireless transmitter at a Nottingham factory where they both worked. A feared Varangian grand prince of Kiev, he earned his nickname "the Prophet" after taking the city of Constantinople. What is Scalable Vector Graphics used for? It would be a decade before other Russians stepped forward. Unlike the old days, though, these spies werent interested in the cause. Here he would remain for 18 nightmarish months, after being tried and convicted along with Penkovsky who had been arrested before Wynne and had their relationship beaten out of him. He even approached them surreptitiously in the street, a desperate tactic that encouraged them to think he was an agent provocateur and reject his advances. pictures of the galvin family; springfield, ma city council candidates; what happened to penkovsky wife Knowing the secret police were after him, in 1985 he hid in the trunk of a car and slipped over the Finnish border. The former type of information might be known by a diplomat - the latter only by another spy. Greville Wynne was detained in Budapest ten days after Penkovskys arrest, and taken to Moscow. How many times did Benny shoot The Courier? Hetman the codename under which Gordievsky operated had disclosed that at least 25 Russian and east European diplomats based in London were spies. the GRU Colonel Oleg Penkovsky was also recruited by British intelligence in the 60-ies in the USSR for many years was considered a symbol of betrayal, such serious damage he inflicted with the spying. In 1991, Boris Yeltsin agreed to allow Gordievskys wife and daughters to join him in UK. Wynne left The Ivy restaurant in Seven Dials that day probably wondering what he'd let himself in for. (Associated Press) (Anonymous/AP). When Golos dropped dead in their New York apartment, Bentley took over the operation. It contained seven rolls of microfilm revealing secret information about the Soviet nuclear arsenal. MI6s agent, however, eventually fell under suspicion, and was ordered back to Moscow and interrogated by the KGB. 23:56 GMT 01 Jul 2021. Ames walked in with the names of Russian double agents and walked out with $50,000. 4. The government was determined to expel them but hesitated as it bargained over the fate of Gordievskys family. The technical information provided by Penkovsky about various Soviet ballistic missiles proved very useful to the Americans during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. There was no imminent nuclear strikeit had simply been a trap. [1] She was educated Queen Anne's School, Caversham, in Berkshire, where she learnt Russian. Penkovsky ostensibly wanted to trade Soviet military secrets for a new life in the West with his wife and daughter. His dining companion, Dickie Franks, revealed himself to be an officer of the. They decided to get rid of her. This allowed the West to identify the missile sites from low-resolution pictures provided by U.S. U-2 spy planes. Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Ed Sheeran says wife developed tumour in pregnancy, Covid origin likely China lab incident - FBI chief, Beer and wine sales in Canada fall to all-time low, Trump lashes out at Murdoch over vote fraud case, Ancient mummy found in delivery man's bag, Daily walk prevents one in 10 early deaths - study, Finland starts construction of Russia border fence, LA agrees to pay Kobe Bryant widow almost $29m, Drone crash near Moscow was failed attack - governor. The KGB devoted huge resources to counter-espionage and a British agent would have been spotted approaching Penkovsky in the Russian capital but Wynne a civilian with officially sanctioned business in the city would arouse less suspicion. Penkovskys pre-arranged signal to Stuarts number consisted of three rings, not two. Did Oleg Penkovsky have a wife? Where does the phrase splitting hairs come from? They justified it to their superiors on the grounds that the other man liked a drink and could betray sensitive information while in his cups. It was ideal cover for spying or approaching a recruit for MI6. In November 1960, Greville Wynne, a 41-year-old British businessman, sat down for a lunch that would change his life. He, along with Montgomery and others, was expelled. The KGB surveilled Janet and witnessed her meeting with Penkovsky. It was decided to use the telephone, but because everywhere was bugged the rings would function as messages. Gordievsky was luckier. the western world, rather, rise on top in terms of the Berlin Crisis and the Cuban Missile Crisis and . He was immediately. Concluding our nail-biting series on double agent Oleg Gordievsky, we tell how the KGB officer who was spying for MI6 made a death-defying dash to freedom, with the Kremlin hot on his tail. In an interview with Seve Novgorodsev, sentenced in absentia at home to death, the traitor Gordievsky said first property from remaining in Moscow, his wife Leila (she is from a family of KGB) and two daughters wanted to confiscate it, but then the decision was canceled. During a trip to London in April 1961, the Soviet colonel held a series of . Cold War Budapest in 1962 was not the most welcoming place for a British businessman, but Greville Wynne was feeling rather pleased with himself. br> Share on Tumblr. On October 22, at the peak of the crisis, he was arrested by the KGB. Outwardly, Janet was an ordinary mother of four children. Get the week's best stories straight to your inbox. It rivaled anything from The Great Escape.. But I knew this was an important signal if he was going to go to the West, and that the office in London wanted to know when that would be, so the following morning I sent a telegram to say Id received it.. But before the two years were up, a KGB agent caught him passing secrets. In 1945. Oleg Penkovsky saved the world from mushroom clouds and untold deaths in the fall of 1962. Documents released to the National Archives in Kew expose the complex calculations shaping cold war espionage, while politicians cultivated a thaw in personal relationships with Mikhail Gorbachev. How can I stop my phone from listening to me? The comments below have not been moderated, By His wife & 2 little girls were left behind. Moscow has often emphasised that foreign spies are hard at work trying to "subvert" the country and the government (something they particularly used to accuse the British of doing right back to the aftermath of 1917), and exposing spies provides ammunition for that claim. After Penkovsky and Wynne were captured by the KGB, which happened very similar to how their capture is depicted in the film, the GRU lieutenant colonel been convicted of treason and sentenced to death by firing squad. Oleg Penkovsky was executed and buried in an unmarked grave. He outlived the Soviet Union, which collapsed in 1991. They were all short and thickset and wore their trilby hats at the same angle. How much money was Merle Haggard worth at his death? [1] There she met her future husband, Ruari Chisholm, and began working for British Intelligence. Janet Anne Chisholm, born May 7 1929; died July 23 2004, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. What are Unpresented and uncredited cheques? Quizzed by reporters back in the UK, Wynne could still manage a joke about his shaven head being the Lubyankas interpretation of a haircut. , updated Soviet intelligence colonel Oleg Penkovsky stopped at nothing in pursuit of his dream to live in the United States. In a Moscow park, Penkovsky also passed packets of sweets (with camera film hidden inside) to the wife of a British MI6 officer while she was pushing her children in a pram. At night, Penkovsky would sneak out of his hotel to an MI6 officers home or Wynnes five-bedroom mansion in Upper Cheyne Row, Chelsea where he lived with wife Sheila and son Andrew to be debriefed by British and U.S. intelligence. Wynne also took his Soviet friend to the best nightclubs in London and Paris just to show him the advantages of the West, of course where the Russian reportedly picked up a habit of drinking wine from the shoes of his mistresses. And it is a lot less complicated and easier to understand than some of the more complex security threats and relationships of the modern world. Mother and wife Belenko was forced to participate in a press conference. (German Federal Archive), The CIA erected a nondescript building in West Berlin and started tunneling. Putin is said to still nurse a grudge against Gordievsky. Wynne and Penkovsky pleaded guilty on 7 May 1963 and were sentenced four days later. But he was also driven by revenge: he had been stymied in his career, and was furious he had never been made a general. By the time the Russians discovered the wiretaps, a year later, the Americans had eavesdropped on 433,000 secret communications. He is known as one of the greatest spies in the world. Required fields are marked *. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Collection, 1948), Francis Gary Powers in his flight suit, standing next to the U-2. According to Lyudmila, gave a rare interview to the journalists, their family, the security services after the husbands escape is slighted, but she did not understand why Belenko decided to escape. Gordievsky never took a penny from MI6 until after he had defected to the U.K. His actions were motivated by a hatred of the tyranny of the Soviet system, and the degraded condition in which it. Those old enough can never forget a nerve-racking period of more than a week when nuclear Armageddon seemed possible every single day. In the affair of the traitor Penkovsky and his associate Wynne, it was established that the carelessness, political myopia and irresponsible chatter of some military personnel with whom Penkovsky met and drank directly facilitated his criminal activities, wrote the head of the KGB Investigative Department, Nikolai Chistyakov. The fascinating part is how something that seems . It led to him and a Soviet double agent, Oleg Penkovsky, becoming firm friends, involved in . Greville Wynne was sentenced after a short trial in Moscow in 1963, Col Gordievsky had to be smuggled out Russia in an MI6 officer's car, The "spy rock" scandal severely strained British-Russian relations, Rescuers search wreckage of deadly Greece train crash. Penkovsky and Wynne learn to trust each other with their lives. Oleg Gordievsky (Former Colonel of the KGB and Bureau Chief in London) Oleg Gordievsky is a Russian-born former British secret agent. Usually, Penkovsky communicated with his handlers via notes he passed to Janet Chisholm with his other material, but they needed another method in case he couldnt meet her. Wynne was arrested and jailed as a spy The moonlighting spy was arrested on a business trip to Budapest in November 1962 and taken to the Soviet Union. What happened to Oleg Penkovsky Oleg Penkovsky was arrested in October 1962. So, behind the Iron Curtain, American spies did most of the work themselves. The words I am are written on the forehead of the man (Penkovsky) whose face is cut out of the image. Penkovsky never knew his father, who was killed fighting as an officer in the White Army in the Russian Civil War when he was a baby. Although the crisis finally appeared to be over, Soviet missiles were still on Cuba and US forces remained at DEFCON-3, while British V-bombers were at Alert Condition 3. So, he secretly contacted the CIA through an American tourist, requesting help. . (Associated Press), Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. The CIAs chief analyst during the crisis, Ray Cline, later told historian Christopher Andrew that Penkovskys intelligence was vital to its resolution, as it allowed the agency to follow the progress of Soviet missile emplacement in Cuba by the hour.. You can be sure of my devotion, dedication and determination in fighting for your (and now my) cause. The photograph passed to the US embassy in Moscow by Oleg Penkovsky, as a means of verifying his identity. Her husband was a spy who headed the MI6 station in Moscow but worked under the guise of a visa officer. 27 Western spy tools confiscated by the Soviet KGB, Kim Philby: The story of the Soviet Unions best spy in Britain, The most sensational Western spy failures in the USSR. Penkovsky was wounded in action in 1944, at about the same time as Varentsov, who appointed him his Liaison Officer. Penkovsky supplied the West with information on Soviet deployment of missiles to Cuba and has been dubbed the spy of the century. In the West he is hailed as "the spy who saved the world". History 25/01/20 As the USSR did with the relatives of traitors of the Motherland. Hawara: 'What happened was horrific and barbaric', The people who want you to believe the Ukraine war is fake, What we've learned from Alex Murdaugh murder trial. Boy and daughter now Greville Wynne and Oleg Penkovsky were captured by the Soviets in 1962. A few months after the U-2 disaster, they had a breakthrough when a Col. Oleg Penkovsky approached them. He died in prison in 2014. They were warned, and that the aircraft had entered Cuban airspace. Brought up in the North Caucasus, Penkovsky graduated from the Kiev Artillery Academy with the rank of lieutenant in 1939. During the early days of the Cold War, one of the hardest workers was the chief of CIA operations in Berlin, a man later dubbed the American James Bond.. Not one stood out in a crowd. He joined the Kiev Artillery School and became a lieutenant in 1939. Felicity Stuart watched the telephone with mounting unease. [1] She then studied French at Grenoble University. In turn Penkovsky introduces Wynne to his wife Vera (Maria Mironova) and daughter, though he explains that he can't invite the foreigner to their apartment. He gave them secret codes. In this case, its probably not hyperbole. The daughter of a Russian mother . A disastrous response from U.S. President Kennedy was averted and the two sides pulled back from the brink. Throughout 1962, the KGB surveilled the colonel, identified his contacts, tactfully questioned his colleagues at work, and secretly searched the suspected spys apartment. Each time, the spying continued. For years, he watched his friends grab all the plum jobs. However, Gordievsky soon separated from his wife. In 1955 Penkovsky was appointed military attach in Ankara. The blast at Hiroshima had been the equivalent of around 14,000 tons of TNT; the SS-4 carried a one-megaton nuclear warhead, which would create a blast equivalent to around 1 million tons of TNT. It was a wake-up call and would fuel years of FBI investigations. He didnt tell his ambassador, he didnt tell London, he didnt tell anybody, because he was morally certain that Penkovsky was captured so this was meaningless. They concluded he was ripe for recruitment even after he was transferred back to Moscow. Wynne, then an engineering apprentice, recalled hearing a series of staccato-like phrases in German coming from a cellar one night. On the fifth floor of a block of apartments in Kutuzovsky Prospekt, the telephone rang twice, then went dead. As a result, we dont know precisely what the reaction in London was to Stuarts message, but it seems likely they dismissed the call as an error: Penkovsky didnt travel to the West at this time, and he continued to meet Janet Chisholm as before. He is serving a life sentence, without the possibility of parole, in federal prison. As for Oleg Penkovsky, he was less fortunate. Subsequently, the pictures wiping the tears of the relatives of the pilot-defector appeared in many Western media. This website uses cookies. Chisholm was portrayed by Lucy Liemann in the 2007 BBC Television docudrama Nuclear Secrets. And another CIA officer was later sent to clear a "drop" in an apartment block where a message was supposed to have been left by Penkovsky. Would hydrogen chloride be a gas at room temperature? US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright later presented evidence at the United Nations that they had been in international airspace. In Russia, Colonel Oleg Vladimirovich PENKOVSKY, executed in Moscow 34 years ago is regarded as a traitor. Even while Penkovskys intelligence was being relayed inside the White House during the greatest crisis of the Cold War, his own identity had to be protectedeven to the extent of claiming that he represented more than one sourcebecause if this crisis abated, he might be crucial in stopping the next one. In tandem with the CIA, MI6 were in the midst of running their most successful espionage operation to date. In Moscow, his main channel of communication was a man called Greville Wynne, who often visited the USSR on trade matters. Besides Wynne, ten other U.S. and British agents all embassy employees contacted Penkovsky. Sceptics, however, dismissed his Nazi agent story as most unlikely not only because the Germans were supposedly not using secret agents at the time for fear of provoking Britain, but also because broadcasting from a cellar would have been nigh impossible. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Von Neumann architecture and Harvard architecture? Even as Walkers traitorous career was ending, another mans was beginning. "Maybe we're only two people but this is how things . The GRU continues to operate as well. Dracula is supposed to be from Transylvania which is in Romania, but the famous accent was portrayed by Bela Lugosi who was Hungarian. Each side still wants to know about the other's secrets. The American journalist John Barron, who wrote about the escape of Belenkos book, claimed that the pilots mother did not communicate almost his entire adult life, and the husband demanded a divorce. Oleg Penkovsky was born in Russia in 1919. By all appearances Oleg and Vera have a happy marriage and are loving parents to Nina. The operation was in an especially fraught stage as it was now taking place in Moscow, which was home to the KGBs headquarters, the Lubyanka. Video footage and photographs have emerged of the man's alleged detention, the BBC's Steve Rosenberg reports. what happened to penkovsky wifemostar bridge jump injuries. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Penkovsky was an ambitious artillery officer who married a general's daughter, moved up rapidly in his profession, entered military intelligence in the belief that it would further his advancement, and then found himself stuck in the rank of colonel with a nerve-racking job. The meeting was attended by Thatcher, Howe, the home secretary, Douglas Hurd, the head of MI5, Sir Anthony Duff, and C, the head of MI6. Ames was finally arrested in 1994. He was to call her if he learned that he was about to travel to the West and had no time to tell Janet. He lives in London today. Your email address will not be published. The KGB had been watching Penkovsky for almost a year before it pounced. That space was reserved for Oleg Penkovsky, a Soviet military intelligence colonel and British double agent whose information is credited with ending the Cuban missile crisis and even altering the entire course of the Cold War. During a trip to London in April 1961, the Soviet colonel held a series of meetings with his new handlers and received special equipment, including a Minox portable camera. The arrest of alleged CIA spies harks back both to a Cold War sense of an external danger as well a sense of Russia still being a country the CIA wants to spy on - like it did in the old days when the US and Russia were seen (often wrongly) as evenly matched. Advocates of the position that Penkovsky's intelligence did 'save the world', like Andrew and Gordievsky or Schecter and Deriabin, argue that Penkovsky provided important insights into both Krushchev's policy and the state of the Soviet armed forces and has therefore been the most important Western penetration agent of the Cold War. 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